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IFANS Focus Trump’s Tariff Strategy 2.0: “America Alone” and Implications for Economic Security KANG Seonjou Upload Date 2025-04-29 Hits 471
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1.Trump’s Second Term Agenda and Tariffs
2.“America Alone” and the New Economic Security of Trump’s Tariffs
3.“Trump’s Tariff Strategy and Korea’s Diplomacy


On April 2, U.S. President Trump announced a 10% tariff (baseline tariff) on all imports and additional 11-49% reciprocal tariffs on 60 major trading partners. Those reciprocal tariffs are imposed to offset U.S. trade deficits since U.S. trading partners charge high tariffs on or erect trade barriers against U.S. goods. In February and March, President Trump imposed a 25% tariff on imported steel and aluminum, a 25% tariff on some imports from Canada and Mexico, which are signatories to the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), and a 20% tariff on China, with which the U.S. has the largest trade deficit. As a result, the average U.S. tariff rate, which was only 2% in 2024, rose to 22.5%, the highest level since 1909. 
Tariffs have long been considered protectionist measures, and the new tariffs enacted by President Trump since January 2025 are no exception. However, the context and manner in which President Trump raises tariffs suggest that it departs from temporary protectionist practices. In Trump’s second term, tariffs are part of the “transformation of the U.S. economy” agenda. And it is almost certain that the “transformation of the U.S. economy” agenda entails international shocks and changes in its wake. The way President Trump uses tariffs to transform the U.S. economy affects not only the trade system that has operated since 1945, but also the underlying structure and assumptions of international relations, raising concerns that this could lead to a return to pre-1945 international relations. Trump’s second term tariffs raise more fundamental questions, beyond the balance of payments concerns, about how countries will approach international relations.


*Attached File #EconomicSecurity #TrumpAdministration #AmericaAlone #ReciprocalTariffs
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IFANS FOCUS 2025-07E(강선주).pdf
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